CDPHE and CARB Expand Air Toxics Monitoring
Comments Off on CDPHE and CARB Expand Air Toxics MonitoringThe Colorado Department of Public Health (CDPHE) and the California Air Resources Board (CARB) are adding AROMA instruments to their toolkit, to advance their air toxics monitoring programs.
CARB, already equipped with two AROMA instruments, is investing in two more to further bolster its ability to monitor critical air toxics throughout California. This move signifies CARB’s commitment to maintaining and improving air quality standards across the state.
In Colorado, CDPHE is expanding its air toxics monitoring capabilities with the acquisition of three additional AROMA-TOX systems. These new units will play a crucial role in CDPHE’s growing Air Toxics and Ozone Precursor Section by measuring BTEX, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), ethylene oxide (EtO), and other VOCs. This purchase marks CDPHE’s fourth investment in AROMA technology.
Entanglement Technologies’ AROMA-TOX is a state-of-the-art thermal desorption, cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) analyzer. It features an innovative dual-laser system design that measures methane, water, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, H2S, HCN, and other small molecules at part-per-billion concentrations in real time. In lab-scan mode, the analyzer uses thermal desorption before CRDS analysis to reach lower detection limits. AROMA-TOX can detect benzene down to 2pptv in just 8 minutes.
We are proud to support CARB, CDPHE, and other agencies in their efforts to identify and control hazardous air pollutants and we are committed to helping organizations meet their regulatory requirements.
Advanced air quality monitoring tools, AROMA technology enable regulatory agencies to detect and quantify various air pollutants to better understand the environment and protect their communities.
Contact us to learn more about AROMA-TOX and other AROMA instruments. We look forward to connecting and learning about your projects.
Louisiana DEQ Enhances Air Quality Monitoring with AROMA-ETO
Comments Off on Louisiana DEQ Enhances Air Quality Monitoring with AROMA-ETOThe Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ) is enhancing its air quality monitoring capabilities by incorporating several AROMA-ETO analyzers into their air monitoring network. LDEQ will integrate and deploy AROMA-ETO analyzers into both their ambient air monitoring network and their Mobile Air Monitoring Lab (MAML) for monitoring of ethylene oxide and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
By leveraging Entanglement Technologies’ advanced AROMA-ETO analyzers, Louisiana DEQ is taking a significant step towards safeguarding public health and ensuring cleaner air for its residents. This initiative deepens the department’s commitment to utilizing cutting-edge technology to address environmental concerns and enhance the quality of life in Louisiana.
Stay tuned for more updates as we continue to support environmental agencies and organizations in their mission to monitor and improve air quality across the nation.
New Team Members to Continue Building AROMA Capabilities
Comments Off on New Team Members to Continue Building AROMA CapabilitiesTaking the AROMA technology to new research areas, industries, and applications requires a robust team of scientists, technicians, and specialists. That’s why this summer we have supersized our team, adding several new members, including a Field Scientist, Procurement and Manufacturing Specialist, and two interns.
Joining as a Field Scientist, Tanouir Aloui, Ph.D., brings to Entanglement a wealth of experience working with analytical instruments on projects ranging from nanoscale research to large-scale instrumentation. She has a PhD from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Duke University, where she focused on integrating new technologies for use in space flight mission mass spectrometers.
As a Procurement and Manufacturing Specialist at Entanglement, Jake Sweeney brings with him 30 years of experience in the automotive industry as an expert in supply chain and parts management systems. Jake also brings with him expertise in manufacturing, customer experience, and management.
We are also pleased to welcome our two interns, Daniyal Qazi and Natalia Tuchman. Qazi, a rising junior at Duke double majoring in electrical and computer engineering and math, is working on creating a new RF signal chain to improve the frequency range of Entaglement’s platform’s laser. Tuchman is a sophomore at Columbia College from Palo Alto, California, studying chemistry on the pre-med track and actively involved in Columbia’s Systems Biological Initiative.
Learn more about our new team members.
AROMA Advancements to be Showcased at Upcoming Environmental Monitoring Conferences
Comments Off on AROMA Advancements to be Showcased at Upcoming Environmental Monitoring ConferencesThe cutting-edge AROMA instruments continue to break new ground in air quality and water quality monitoring, as will be showcased at two upcoming environmental monitoring conferences
On August 5th to 9th at the Environmental Measurement Symposium in Garden Grove, CA, Director of Sales and Business Development Dr. Aurelie Marcotte will present AROMA results from volatile organic compound (VOCs) monitoring in air and water matrices.
Mark your calendars for our presentations and stop by our booth #46 to speak with Dr. Marcotte.
Monday, August 5 @ 10:30 AM:
Field and Mobile Measurements of Air Toxics using TD-CRDS
Tuesday, August 6 @ 3:30 PM
Innovative New Technology Showcase
Wednesday, August 7 @ 3:30 PM
Real-time Detection of VOCs in RO-based Potable Reuse
The following week, on August 12th to 15th, we will be participating in the 2024 National Ambient Air Monitoring Conference in New Orleans, LA! In addition to being a conference sponsor, we will be exhibiting in Booth #311, participating in the Community Monitoring Showcase, and presenting on air toxics monitoring with AROMA. Check out our schedule of events and be sure to connect with Dr. Marcotte and our Inside Sales Specialist Pedro Benavides.
Monday, August 12 @ 3:30 PM
Community Monitoring Showcase
We will highlight the use of Entanglement Technologies’ AROMA instrument in community air quality monitoring. This includes our own projects, as well as those by consultants, air quality agencies, non-profits, and community groups.
Wednesday, August 14 @ 3:40PM
Application of Thermal Desorption Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy to Address Recent Air Toxics Regulations
We can’t wait to see you at these upcoming shows and to share our latest advancements!
Entanglement Technologies Participates in International Water Research
Comments Off on Entanglement Technologies Participates in International Water ResearchIn addition to their best-in-class performance for air quality monitoring, AROMA instruments excel in detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCS) in water systems. These capabilities are giving Entanglement Technologies new opportunities in water quality analysis through collaboration on grant funded research with leaders in the field and participation in several major international water conferences this year.
Water scarcity is an increasing problem. Potable water reuse is becoming a necessary framework to address climate change, drought, and growing populations, but it requires effective treatment technologies and stringent monitoring for chemical and biological constituents of concern.
To meet this need, Entanglement Technologies joined principal investigator Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA), as well as Hach Company, Colorado School of Mines and Orange County Water District (OCWD), as recipients of a grant from the Water Research Foundation (WRF) last year. This work is using AROMA as a real-time analyzer to detect specific VOCs at low detection limits (ppb/ppt) prior to and after wastewater treatment processes such as reverse-osmosis (RO) (Project #5210). The project is entering its third and final phase in which it will be installed at OCWD’s Groundwater Replenishment System to verify the analyzers long-term performance at full-scale, capturing actual and reoccurring spikes for several months.
In March, several of the WRF project team members, including Director of Sales and Business Development, Dr. Aurelie Marcotte, attended the 2024 WateReuse Symposium in Denver, CO. Dr. Marcotte presented a poster highlighting the analytical method developed for the WRF Project #5210, using an AROMA analyzer. Dr. Eric Dickenson from SNWA also had a platform presentation showing some preliminary results from the project including data from the analysis of RO feed and permeate samples from participating utilities.
In June, Entanglement Technologies’ CEO, Dr. Anthony Miller, will be attending Singapore International Water Week. Dr. Miller will be speaking about Entanglement Technologies’ AROMA analyzer for online analysis of VOCs in water streams at the TechXchange on June 18th. On June 21st, Dr. Dickenson will be presenting on an WRF project, which includes data from a side-by-side study of AROMA measurements with third-party laboratory analysis, as well as RO-rejection of target VOCs.
Learn more about AROMA analyzers for water analysis or contact us to talk about a customized VOC monitoring solution to meet the needs of your project.
A Decade of Developing Sensors to Characterize Air Pollutants
Comments Off on A Decade of Developing Sensors to Characterize Air PollutantsQ&A with Da Pan, PhD, Colorado State University
Growing up on the southeastern coast of China, Da Pan did not see severe air pollution until he was an undergraduate student in Beijing at Peking University. At the time, the air quality in Beijing was poor and inspired Pan to pursue atmospheric science.
Pan would go on to attend graduate school work in the United States at Princeton University. Working in an environmental engineering lab developing sensors for better measuring air pollution, he would return to China to study the air quality there. Now a research scientist in the Collett lab at Colorado State University, Pan is pioneering the use of multiple mobile sensors in characterizing the emissions from unconventional oil and gas development in Colorado. Part of a project with the Health Effects Institute, his team has several high-tech tools on their side, including AROMA-VOC.
We spoke with Pan about his early work in mobile monitoring in China, his work with AROMA in Colorado now, and what he sees as the future of air quality sensors.
ET: Tell us a bit about your early mobile montining work that took you back to China.
Pan: After I joined the environmental engineering group at Princeton, one of the things I did was bring our air quality sensor to China to measure methane emissions from natural gas vehicles. It was 2014, and we saw these huge plumes on the streets, and we didn’t know where they were coming from; the emissions were 16 times higher for passenger vehicles than what we saw in the US and Europe. The buses there said they were using “green energy” with natural gas. We measured methane there of about 10 ppm, against a background level around 2 ppm. That’s how I got started with mobile measurements.
It’s important because methane is a really potent greenhouse gas. So, switching from conventional vehicles to natural gas without controlling methane emissions is actually pretty bad for the climate.
ET: But doesn’t natural gas emit less carbon dioxide, which is a good thing?
Pan: It’s complicated because it comes down to whether you can prevent methane leaking from natural gas. Natural gas does emit about 10 to 20% less CO₂, which is good. And it emits lower SO₂ and NOx, which are precursors for PM2.5 and ozone. So in that sense, if everything goes perfectly and you can control methane leakage and remove methane from the exhaust, then it is better for the climate and for air quality; that is why in China, the central government was pushing for wider adoption of natural gas.
What we found was that because of a certain type of engine they were using in China that was better for fuel economy, the exhaust control system was not working as it should. Lots of methane was not being removed from the exhaust, with around 2% leakage. There are technologies that solve this, and in our paper [published in Nature Communications], we made some recommendations, including for new emissions standards. If there were a strictly implemented new emission standard, it would save emissions equivalent to about 12 million gasoline vehicles from China. So, that’s a huge amount of greenhouse gas that we can reduce just by implementing a strict emission standard.
The project with the Health Effects Institute-Energy is jointly funded by EPA, local agencies, and also industrial partners, to figure out what process is actually contributing to the air toxics from different drilling operations, looking at the full lifecycle of a well pad. … Currently, there is no such knowledge on what’s being emitted and by what processes.
ET: Now you are working to understand emissions from oil and gas development in Colorado… Why is that important?
Pan: Now that the US is doing unconventional oil and gas development, the technology is different and comes with different risks for emissions. It can take longer to drill and is in new locations, often in residential, community spaces. People are concerned about air toxics emitted from well pads. And the oil and gas operators are also concerned, as they want to be able to continue to drill while complying with current and expected regulations. The project with the Health Effects Institute-Energy is jointly funded by EPA, local agencies, and also industrial partners, to figure out what process is actually contributing to the air toxics from different drilling operations, looking at the full lifecycle of a well pad. This will allow local agencies and the operators to use best practices to limit toxic emissions. Currently, there is no such knowledge on what’s being emitted and by what processes.
The first phase is to measure the emissions. The next stage for this project is to develop a model for the emissions that government agencies and operators can use to basically estimate how much they are emitting. Eventually, this information will be made publicly available.
ET: What kinds of sensors are you using for this work?
Pan: We have a mobile lab (pictured above), which is a SUV outfitted with: GPS, to know where the plume is coming from; a sonic anemometer, to measure wind; an photoionization detector (PID); and AROMA. The PID is sensitive to multiple species but does not give out speciated results, only total VOC amounts. It cannot give you a benzene concentration, for example, so it’s very different from AROMA-VOC. So we use the PID to see where the plume is and AROMA to give us the detailed aromatics data. We also have a LI-COR sensor for measuring CO2 and methane, and we have canisters that we use to collect air samples when plumes are detected, which we then analyze back in our lab with gas chromatography. We use multiple sensors to take advantage of their unique characteristics.
ET: How do the AROMA results compare to the in-lab analysis you do from the canisters?
Pan: We’ve done several comparisons, and so far, it looks like AROMA is doing a pretty good job. For example (see figure above), we looked at emissions from a well pad that’s been drilled and we wanted to see the resulting emissions. We drove around and could see the plume via the PID, then we stopped and collected the air for analysis in canisters, while AROMA was measuring. We looked at methane, alkanes, and aromatics. In the graph above, the red stars are what we see from the canister, which matched what we see from AROMA.
People will come up to us and ask what we’re doing, because the mobile lab looks like something out of “Ghostbusters,” or they think it’s a Google street car.
ET: How have the local communities in Colorado been responding to this work and your mobile lab?
Pan: People will come up to us and ask what we’re doing, because the mobile lab looks like something out of “Ghostbusters,” or they think it’s a Google street car. We tell them we were here to monitor a well pad, and then they will often wonder if there’s bad stuff being emitted because sometimes they smell something. But one thing that people often don’t realize is sometimes when you smell something, it doesn’t mean it’s bad for your house. But sometimes when you don’t smell something, there could be invisible toxics present, like benzene. So we try to explain that we are using fancy sensors to measure what’s really happening and try to prevent anything bad from being emitted in the future. We get mixed feedback, as some people are more supportive of development in the area than others. We also share some concerns we receive with local agencies.
ET: Now that you have been working on air quality sensors for about a decade, what trends have you seen in the field?
Pan: Increasingly, scientists and industries are transitioning from laboratory-based technology to more portable instruments. For example, before AROMA, we would use GC [gas chromatographs], but those are pretty heavy and require a trailer that can be hard to maintain and operate in the field. Also, the power consumption is probably 100 times higher than AROMA. So, we and others are moving toward field-based sensors that are more portable and can be powered by battery easily.
The other trend is toward optical-based sensors, which relates to power consumption and portability, but is also much less expensive. Things are definitely improving quite a lot compared to 10 years ago.
ET: What do you see as the future in this technology space?
Pan: I’m really interested in combining mobile sensors with UAVs. Right now, we have to check weather conditions before measuring a plume and the plume needs to be low to the ground to see it, as we can only see 2 meters above ground. But if we can put a sensor on a UAV, we could then sense what’s in the air and potentially follow the plume. It might be possible to put up a reflector that will direct the laser beam from lasers similar to the ones in the AROMA to be able to measure the column concentrations of VOCs. That’s something I think would be really exciting in the future. Even though we are in the early phases with drone technology, I think there are a lot of possibilities.
For more information, please contact us.
U.S. EPA Adds AROMA to Its Air Toxics Program
Comments Off on U.S. EPA Adds AROMA to Its Air Toxics ProgramThe U.S. EPA is using a state-of-the-art tool to detect levels of pollutants that may affect the health of residents in the United States: the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) Air Quality Assessment Division has acquired an AROMA instrument to monitor benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene(s) (BTEX), ethylene oxide (EtO), and other VOCs. This is the EPA’s third acquisition of an analyzer from Entanglement Technologies in the past two years.
The Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards operates under the EPA’s Office of Air and Radiation and is dedicated to preserving and enhancing air quality in the United States. Its core responsibilities include setting and periodically reviewing national emission standards, which govern the amount of air toxics released from stationary sources. Additionally, OAQPS collaborates with state and local air agencies to monitor and control air pollution, including air toxics.
In the United States, a growing focus has been on monitoring hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), driven primarily by concerns about potential health risks linked to exposure. One challenge in monitoring HAPs such as EtO lies in the ability to detect at exceedingly low concentrations. Accurate and highly sensitive monitoring equipment is crucial for identifying HAPs at levels safe for human exposure, which is where the AROMA technology platform excels.
At Entanglement Technologies, we’ve built the next generation of high accuracy, real-time chemical analyzers designed to deliver unparalleled performance. AROMA provides parts-per-trillion detection limits of HAPs in ambient air and other complex matrices in the field or from any vehicle. AROMA instruments have undergone extensive testing and validation during real-world deployments in challenging atmospheric conditions, consistently providing high-quality data equivalent to that obtained in a laboratory setting.
We are excited about extending our partnership with the U.S. EPA and supporting their efforts to successfully identify and address current, emerging, and future air toxics issues in the U.S.
Connect with us to discuss your ambient air monitoring applications and how we can best support you.
2023 AWMA Air Quality Measurement Methods and Technology conference in Durham, NC
Comments Off on 2023 AWMA Air Quality Measurement Methods and Technology conference in Durham, NCJoin us at the 2023 AWMA Air Quality Measurement Methods and Technology conference in Durham, NC from November 14 – 16th, 2023. Our Director of Sales and Business Development, Aurelie Marcotte, will be delivering two insightful presentations about our AROMA analyzers:
- November 15th at 10:40AM in Session 5B: Fenceline and Near-Source Studies (Empire ABC) “Utilization of Broadband Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy for Mobile Leak Detection in the Port of Rotterdam”
- November 16th at 9:45AM in Session 8B: Advancement in EtO Measurements (Empire ABC) “Review of Ethylene Oxide Monitoring and Measurements with AROMA-ETO”
Entanglement Technologies will also be exhibiting at Booth #16. Please stop by throughout the conference to connect with our Inside Sales Specialist, Pedro Benavides, and Applications Scientist, Jake Margolis, to discuss your ambient air monitoring applications and learn about our high-performance VOC chemical analyzers.
Interested in scheduling some time to speak directly with our team at or outside of the conference? Contact us.
We look forward to seeing you at the conference and exploring ways to support your air quality monitoring initiatives!
Hitting Close to Home: Using AROMA to Measure Emissions from Indoor Stoves
Comments Off on Hitting Close to Home: Using AROMA to Measure Emissions from Indoor StovesA Q&A with Dr. Eric Lebel at PSE Healthy Energy
As an undergraduate student at Providence College, Eric Lebel had a unique internship experience: measuring atmospheric gasses from aboard a NASA-operated DC-8 aircraft in California. After that, he was hooked on the idea of using his biochemistry background for earth science applications and would go on to obtain a PhD in Stanford, working on measuring methane emissions. Since then, his work has broadened, using his expertise to measure not only methane but also other gasses from both outdoor and indoor sources.
A senior scientist at PSE Healthy Energy, Lebel has expanded his toolkit for such measurements over time, with AROMA-VOC now part of his arsenal. Recently published work with Yannai Kashtan of Stanford and others using AROMA has shown that natural gas and propane combustion from stoves inside people’s homes raises indoor levels of benzene, a known carcinogen, above well-established health benchmarks. We spoke with Lebel about this work, public perceptions of indoor gas emissions, and next steps for his work with AROMA and beyond.
ET: For your PhD at Stanford, why did you first focus on methane?
Lebel: Methane is a greenhouse gas, 84 times stronger than carbon dioxide pound for pound over a 20-year lifespan. I started off mainly looking at methane emissions from abandoned oil and gas wells and then residential natural gas appliances, which are two areas where the methane emissions were relatively less characterized in California compared to other sources of methane emissions.
ET: How did that then evolve into your current work?
Lebel: When we started measuring gas stoves, we realized that we couldn’t just be measuring methane, that we had to look at other potential pollution because it was being emitted directly into someone’s home; someone is usually standing right there during the operation of the appliance. And there is no guaranteed mechanism to expel all the byproducts of combustion out of the house; an exhaust hood can help, but in many cases it is not 100% efficient, or isn’t even turned on by the user. Therefore, we started to think about other ways we could expand the research into other chemicals, including NOx [nitrogen oxides] emissions and then eventually we learned about the AROMA at Entanglement, which led to our collaboration, enabling new indoor measurements of benzene and other chemicals.
ET: You’ve been an author on two recent papers in Environmental Science and Technology that looked at gas emissions from stoves from over 100 homes, collectively, in California and Colorado. Did anything come out of that study that surprised you?
Lebel: Yes, a few things. When we started measuring the gas appliances, we found there are a lot of emissions during periods when you wouldn’t expect there to be methane emissions, like when they’re off, for example with water heaters. So in a way, it was surprising that we were finding emissions during those times. In another way, it was not surprising because of research on oil and gas infrastructure that has shown how common leaks are in the system. But for the appliances, it was also surprising that it was going undetected in terms of the smell of the gas inside homes.
In general, it is a problem that is literally close to home. It’s not just leaks in some far off distant oil field, it’s inside your home. Being able to uncover that in a systematic way was also surprising.
Lastly, although the NOx we documented from the combustion of gas in stoves was not surprising, as it had been documented in the past, it was the first time that someone had measured the emission rate from inside modern residential stoves, and the first time measuring benzene. To my knowledge, no one’s ever measured benzene directly from residential stoves. We found emissions from gas and propane stoves but much lower emissions from electric ones (and in many cases no detectable emissions at all), which showed that it was the fuel source and not the food being cooked. And that was surprising to everybody on the team.
Oftentimes, people don’t realize the gas stove inside their home is literally burning fossil fuel that’s been piped into their home thousands of miles away.
ET: How did AROMA-VOC enable the benzene measurements?
Lebel: Before AROMA, there was not a good way to show up in someone’s home and measure benzene onsite to this level of precision. Before, we would have had to take samples and ship them off to a lab or bring some really complex GC-MS to a home. But with the AROMA, we can use it directly in the home or, even better yet, leave it in the van parked in the driveway, and just run a hose inside the house. And at the end of the day, we receive data every 15 minutes from the measurements inside the home, to the same level of precision that you’d expect from a GC-MS to part per trillion [ppt] resolution. This is really key for these measurements as the OEHHA 8-hr Reference Exposure Level for benzene is about 1 part per billion.
ET: Were homeowners surprised by what you found?
Lebel: I can speak about general public perceptions I’ve noticed in previous studies on this topic: Oftentimes, people don’t realize the gas stove inside their home is literally burning fossil fuel that’s been piped into their home thousands of miles away. And it’s a similar combustion process going on inside their cars when they are driving around, albeit cleaner. So people have this impression that gas is clean and don’t realize that byproducts of combustion, like NOx, benzene, and carbon monoxide are being emitted directly into their home.
ET: After you collect data, how do you share it with communities?
Lebel: Journal articles are our main main methods of publication. But we have other means, such as through reports and blogs on our website. We talk with journalists, as well as policymakers at the state and federal level. We’ve spoken to legislative organizations, for example, in California about what the data is showing. As scientists, we want to make sure that the people responsible for making public policy are aware of and understand the latest science.
ET: What do you hope to do next with this work?
Lebel: There are a lot of potential research areas for the team at PSE, especially now that we purchased an AROMA-VOC to undertake more indoor and outdoor air quality measurements. One that’s top of mind right now is to take our research into commercial settings. We’ve done a lot of work examining residential appliances so far, but we’re really interested in understanding the risks in commercial kitchens, which employ more than 10 million restaurant workers in the United States. Some chefs prefer to cook with gas but we don’t know the effect that has on workers or restaurant patrons, so we want to design a study to test that.
For more information, please contact us.
New Grant Enabling Utah to Deploy AROMA in Underserved Communities
Comments Off on New Grant Enabling Utah to Deploy AROMA in Underserved CommunitiesThe Utah Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) is partnering with Entanglement Technologies to monitor benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene(s) (BTEX), ethylene oxide, and other VOCs with AROMA. Awarded the American Rescue Plan Enhanced Air Quality Monitoring Competitive Grant, Utah DEQ will integrate and deploy AROMA in underserved communities through mobile monitoring and community partnerships with a goal to enhance VOC monitoring and to promote air quality monitoring partnerships between communities and regulatory agencies.
The American Rescue Plan was passed by Congress in spring 2021, providing EPA with a one-time supplemental appropriation of $100M to address health outcome disparities from pollution and the COVID-19 pandemic. $20M of those funds was allocated for a grant competition for community air pollution monitoring. In August 2022, Congress passed the Inflation Reduction Act, which provided additional funding to EPA for community air monitoring programs and grants allowing EPA to expand the initial award to $53.4 million to support 132 projects. Read more about the selected projects here: https://www.epa.gov/arp/selections-arp-enhanced-air-quality-monitoring-competitive-grant.
AROMA is ideally suited for mobile air quality monitoring with real-time monitoring, reporting, and part-per-trillion detection limits. The AROMA is easily transitioned from a stationary monitoring site to running in a vehicle in less than 30 minutes with no specific buildout requirements. Contact us to learn more about AROMA or to discuss your mobile monitoring and ambient air monitoring applications.